Operating System Components

 

The system consists of a set of software that can be used to manage interactions with the hardware. These items are usually included in this set of software:

The core: This represents the core operating system functions, such as memory management, processes, files, inputs / main outputs and communication functions.

The shell: This enables communication with the operating system through a control language, allowing the user to control the device without knowing the characteristics of hardware, the management of physical addresses, and so on.

First operating system was developed by IBM with a young man named Bill Gates, this could run on different computers from different manufacturers, it was called DOS (Disk Operating System), but differences between the parties did not set off a pitch. DOS was just a text screen with a command line that tells us which directory as we were only data for guidance.

You had to “know” that “things” had to write for the machine to “do something. There wasn’t a context menu, and graphical displays to guide us.

But in the beginning there were these systems presented so elegantly with many colors, there was only the command line interface that to only people who had great computer knowledge could use the computers.

OPERATING SYSTEM IN THE 80s

At 80’s appear Mac OS systems and MS-DOS, Windows.

The exponential growth of users, most of them without any knowledge of languages for high or low, made in the 80, the priority of designing an operating system was the ease of use, thus resulting the first user interfaces.

Macintosh is the name under which we currently refer to any personal computer designed, developed, built and marketed by Apple Inc. Macintosh 128K was released on July 22, 1984 and was the first personal computer that was successfully marketed, which used a GUI and mouse instead of the standard of that time, the command line interface

GUI makes use of a WIMP environment (windows, icons, menus and pointer). The background of the screen is called desktop, which contents an image called icons.

Apple in 1984 produced the Macintosh, the first computer with mouse and graphical user interface (GUI). A few years later, Microsoft launched Windows, another operating system based in graphics and intuitive tools

                                     

List of OS:

• Windows 7
• Windows XP Professional
• Ubuntu
• Macintosh OSX
• Microsoft Vista
• Fedora
• Mac OS X Leopard
• Microsoft Windows 1.0
• Microsoft Windows 3.1
• Unix
• Linux

Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows is a series of software operating system based in graphical users interfaces produced by Microsoft.

The different versions of Windows are:

• Windows 1.0
• Windows 2.0
• Windows 3.0
• Windows 95
• Windows 98
• Windows XP
• Windows Vista
• Windows 7

 

Mac OS

Mac OS is an operating systems developed by Apple Computer Inc. Macintosh is popular because the graphical user interface, it was the integral and unnamed system software first introduced in 1984 but is usually it referred to simply as the system software.

Mac OS can be divided into two families:

1. The Mac OS Classic family.
2. The Mac OS X operating system.

UNIX

This was developed in 1969 by a group of employees of AT & T Bell Labs, including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Brian Kernighan, Douglas Mcllroy, and Joe Ossanna. UNIX was developed in assembly language, but 1973 had been almost completely recoded in C, facilitating their development and migration to other hardware. This Operating System’s found on mainframes and workstations in corporate Installations.

Linux

Linux has its origin in UNIX. He showed in the sixties, developed by researchers Dennis Ritchie and Ken Thompson of AT & T Bell Labs.

Andrew Tanenbaum developed a Unix-like operating system called Minix to teach students to design an operating system. Due to the teaching approach of Minix, Tanenbaum never allowed him to be altered, and complications that could be introduced into the system for their students, but Finnish student named Linus Torvalds, verifying that it was not possible to extend Minix, decided to write his own operating system compatible with UNIX.

Linux can be installed on all kind of computer no matter the hardware. This O.S is a leading server operative system, and can runs the 10 fastest supercomputers in the entire world, and the best two thing of it is that u don´t get virus and is free.

Mobile Operating System

The mobile O.S is the Operating system that controls all mobile devices.

The different systems for mobiles are:

·         Windows Mobile

·         Palms OS

·         BlackBerry OS

·         Symbian OS

·         Android